Tuple

An ordered immutable collection of elements.

Create

Action	Code	Details
Empty tuple	()
Define with single element	(1,)	Comma is important
Define with multiple elements	(1, 2, 3)
Define with elements via multiple assignment	x = 1, 2, 3
From iterator	tuple(a)
From iterator by unpacking	(*a,)
From comprehension	tuple(v * 2 for v in a)

Test

Action	Code	Details
Empty	not x
Not empty	x
Contains value v	v in x
Contains duplicate values	len(v) != len(set(v))
Does not contain value v	v not in x
All elements are True	all(x)
Any element is True	any(x)
No elements are True	not any(x)

Extract

Action	Code	Details
Length	len(x)
Hash	hash(x)
Value at index i (_i_th value)	x[i]
Value from end index j	x[-j]
Count occurrences of value v	x.count(v)
First index of value v	x.index(v)	Error if missing
First index of value v between index range [ n, m ]	x.index(v, n, m)	Error if missing in range

Aggregate

Action	Code	Details
Sum elements	sum(x)
Min of elements	min(x)
Max of elements	max(x)

Update

Although tuples are immutable, it's possible to update the tuple stored in a variable in-place

Grow

Action	Code	Details
Append element	x += (1,)
Append elements	x += (1, 2)

Combine

Action	Code	Details
Append tuple y	x += y
Append elements of list y	x += tuple(y)

Derive

Order

Action	Code	Details
Reverse	x[::-1]
Reverse	tuple(reversed(x))	Much slower in all cases
Sort ascendingly	tuple(sorted(x))
Shuffle	tuple(random.sample(x, k=len(x)))

Grow

Action	Code	Details
Replicate elements n times	x * n

Shrink

Action	Code	Details
Slice between [ n, m ] (subset)	x[n:m]
First n elements	x[:n]
Last n elements	x[-n:]

Combine

Action	Code	Details
Concatenate tuples	x + y + z

Convert

Action	Code	Details
Multiple assignment	a, b = x	Number of variables must match tuple length
Comma-separated string	str(x)
List	list(x)
List	[*x]
Set	set(x)
Set	{*x}